THE HUMAN SPRING APPROACH TO
THORACIC OUTLET SYNDROME

by Dr James Stoxen DC., FSSEMM (hon) FWSSEM

GLOSSARY
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joint manipulation – joint manipulation is a type of passive movement of a skeletal joint. A modern re-emphasis on manipulative therapy occurred in the late 19th century in North America with the emergence of osteopathic medicine and chiropractic medicine usually aimed at one or more ‘target’ synovial joints with the aim of achieving a therapeutic effect.

joint mobilization – a manual therapy intervention, a type of passive movement of a skeletal joint. It is usually aimed at a ‘target’ synovial joint with the aim of achieving a therapeutic effect. When applied to the spine, it is known as spinal mobilization.

joint play – the accessory movement available within a joint, which is not under voluntary control but is needed for proper functioning of the joint.

joint receptors – sensory receptors in joint capsules and associated ligaments, from which information reaching the central nervous system contributes (along with other sensory inputs) to awareness of joint position and movement (proprioceptive sensation), and is necessary also for coordinating the action of relevant muscles. To be distinguished from the nociceptor nerve endings also present in joint tissues, which give rise to the sensation of pain resulting from overstretching, injury or inflammation.